1. Carl Rogers is associated with which personality theory?

2. According to Freud, which part of the personality operates on the “pleasure principle”?

3. Which personality type is most likely to enjoy socializing and being in groups?

4. In Freud’s theory, which component of personality is responsible for balancing desires and morality?

5. What term describes someone who is highly sensitive to stress and experiences frequent mood swings?

6. Which theory suggests that personality traits are stable over time and situations?

7. A person scoring high in “agreeableness” is likely to be _________

8. Who developed the concept of the collective unconscious?

9. The Rorschach Inkblot Test is primarily used to assess _______

10. Which personality trait involves being imaginative, curious, and open to new experiences?

11. Which type of personality assessment is based on ambiguous stimuli to uncover unconscious thoughts?

12. Which professional specializes in diagnosing and treating mental illnesses?

13. What does ‘hygiene’ in mental health refer to?

14. Which age group is most vulnerable to developing mental health issues?

15. Which factor does NOT contribute to poor mental health?

16. A person who is angry at their boss but yells at their spouse instead is using which defence mechanism?

17. Which defence mechanism involves attributing one’s own undesirable thoughts or impulses to someone else?

18. Someone who dislikes their colleague but acts overly friendly toward them is showing:

19. What is the defence mechanism where a person models their behaviour after someone they admire?

20. A student who fails an exam but claims it wasn’t important anyway is using:

21. A person who is insecure about their intelligence but makes fun of others’ intelligence is using:

22. Which defence mechanism is considered the healthiest?

23. Which of the following is NOT a type of guidance?

24. Who is considered the “father of guidance and counselling”?

25. The counselling process involves all of the following EXCEPT:

26. The term “counselling” was first introduced by ______

27. Group counselling is most effective when dealing with ________

28. The main difference between guidance and counselling is ________

29. The primary focus of client-centered therapy is on ________

30. Which of the following is NOT a function of school counselling?

1. Which of the following is a characteristic of a highly motivated student?

2. Who proposed the theory of multiple intelligences?

3. Which of the following is NOT one of Gardner’s multiple intelligences?

4. What is the main purpose of the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale?

5. The g factor in intelligence theory is associated with ________

6. Which intelligence is associated with the ability to understand and relate to others?

7. Which of the following theories posts that intelligence is the ability to adapt to the environment and solve problems?

8. Which of the following is the most commonly used intelligence test for children?

9. Which of the following describes a “crystallized” intelligence?

10. The IQ test was first developed by

11. An IQ score of 100 is considered

12. The term “mental age” was used in early IQ testing to describe __________

13. IQ scores are typically distributed in what kind of curve?

14. The concept of “divergent thinking” involves:

15. Which of the following is the most important quality for creative thinking?

16. What is the primary focus of Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking (TTCT)?

17. A person’s chronological age is 20 years and mental age is 16 years. What would be his IQ?

18. Which is the correct sequence of the stages involved in creative thinking?

19. __________ was designed mainly for the use of deaf & linguistically backward children

20. Which theory suggests that motivation is influenced by the need to satisfy basic needs?

1. The material learnt today interferes with the recall of what is learnt yesterday is termed as __________

2. Who is the psychologist who experimented on conditioning?

3. The theory of Hierarchy of learning types was developed by _________

4. The law of effect emphasis the importance of ________

5. The “learning” of a particular task facilitates subsequent learning of another task is called ________

6. An individual responds to a new situation on the basis of the response made by him in similar situations in the past due to the law of ________

7. We forget things we do not want to remember by burying them in our consciousness is called __________ forgetting.

8. Which is considered to be the basis for imaging, creating, associating meaning and reasoning?

9. ‘Conditions of learning’ book is written by ________

10. One of the following is not a learning device.

11. Which of the following is not cause of forgetting?

12. Learning is a process of _______

13. A period showing no progress in a learning curve is termed as ________

14. The chief propounder of the theory of identical elements in transfer of training was _________

15. ‘Nothing succeeds like success’ is an illustration for the law of ______

16. Which of the following is an example of episodic memory?

17. Which of the following is a strategy that can help improve long-term memory retention?

18. According to the Atkinson-Shiffrin model of memory, which memory store has the largest capacity?

19. When information in memory fades over time due to lack of use, this is known as _______

20. The “tip-of-the-tongue” phenomenon is an example of _______

21. The “decay theory” of forgetting suggests that:

22. Which of the following best describes “latent learning” according to Edward Tolman?

23. Which learning theory emphasizes the importance of reinforcement and punishment in shaping behavior?

24. _________ involves creation of memory traces which are abstractions based on salient features of incoming information.

25. ‘Freedom to learn’ is the classic work of ____________ in which conditions for the promotion of learning; empathy, positive regard and genuineness is explained.

26. In this learning the subject has less freedom in recall, subject is expected to recall the words in order in which they are presented?

27. Read each of the following statements labelled as Assertion (A) and Reason (R) and indicate your answer using the codes given below.

Assertion (A): Forgetting of everyday events in young people is not an indication of a poor memory.

Reason (R): Ineffective encoding due to failure to attend to an event while it is happening results in failure to remember.

28. The most commonly overlooked and obvious reason for forgetting is _________

29. Which of the following are the conditions necessary for a Short Term Memory (STM) process to produce a Long Term Memory (LTM)?
1. STM runs its own course without disruption.

2. There is rehearsal of information.

3. STM undergoes consolidation.

4. There is interruption of learning.

Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

30. Match the following:

List I (Tests of Retention)

(a) Method of saving

(b) Recall

(c) Recognition

(d) Testimony

List II (Process involved)

(1) Multiple choice items

(2) Relearning

(3) Description of events

(4) Fill in the blanks

1. Which of the following should be preceded by a neural stimulus by a few seconds if classical conditioning has to take place?

2. ____________ theory advocates that understanding the map making rather than holding up S-R connections

3. _________ theory has made learning an intelligent task requiring mental abilities instead of mind fumbling and automatic responses to specific stimuli

4. _________ popularized teaching machines in learning

5. ___________ principle states that “what was being done in the past in the presence of a set of stimuli will tend to be done next when the stimulus combination occurs”.

6. In the operant conditioning theory ____________ means that other stimuli similar to one used in training may take on the power to produce the response.

7. “ Sudden grasping of the solution or a flash of understanding” – refers which type of learning?

8. In learning, comparison of success to reward or failure to punishment is based on _______

9. Which of the following best describes operant conditioning?

10. What does B.F. Skinner’s theory of operant conditioning emphasize as a means of shaping behavior?

11. In social learning theory, what is “vicarious reinforcement”?

12. According to Thorndike’s Law of Effect, which of the following behaviors is most likely to be repeated?

13. In Skinner’s operant conditioning, which of the following is an example of negative reinforcement?

14. Who developed the Drive Theory of learning and motivation?

15. Which concept from Hull’s theory refers to the learned association between a stimulus and a response?

16. According to Hebb’s theory, learning occurs through the strengthening of synaptic connections between neurons due to ______

17. Hebb’s theory is most closely associated with which of the following processes?

18. According to Bandura, which of the following is the correct sequence of processes involved in observation learning?

19. Arjun gets annoyed when his mother nags him to do his homework. When he finally does it, his mother stops nagging. Now he does the homework without any nagging. Here ‘nagging’ has served as a:

20. Match the following
List I (Principles) List II (Given by)
a) Schedules of Reinforcement – (1) EL Thorndike
b) Modeling – (2) A Bandura
c) Conditioning – (3) BF Skinner
d) Law of effect – (4) Ivan Pavlov

21. Assertion (A): Classical conditioning entails the learning of new behaviour through association, where two stimuli are linked together to produce a new learned response.
Reason (R): There are four basic components of a classical conditioning process (unconditioned stimuli, conditioned stimuli, unconditioned response and conditioned response).

22. Assertion (A): In operant conditioning, the rat presses the bar spontaneously.
Reason (R): Shaping is a procedure in which rewards gradually guide an animal’s behaviour toward a desired goal.

23. Which one is not correct about classical conditioning?
(a) Classical conditioning is also known as respondent conditioning.
(b) A previously natural stimulus comes to elicit a response after it is paired with a stimulus that automatically elicits that response.
(c) It is based on the fact that certain stimuli automatically elicit certain response without learning.
(d) Classical Conditioning is also known as Instrumental Conditioning.
(e) In Classical conditioning there is no association between stimulus and response.

24. In Lewin’s Field Theory, the term “Life Space” refers to:

25. Tolman’s theory suggests that when animals navigate an environment, they form _______

26.________ developed his theory of identical elements to explain transfer of learning.

27. Which one of the following is not a Gesalt determinant of perceptual grouping?

28. In Gagne’s hierarchy learning has been divided into ________

29. Which of the laws of learning given by Thorndike had to be revised?

30. Hebb’s Neurophysiological theory of learning is also called _____