PGTRB New Syllabus Unit 4 CHILDHOOD & ADOLESCENCE Test 1

1. J. S. Bruner cites Piaget’s experiment to explain stage of the development of thinking. “A baby drops a rattle through the bars of its crib. It stops for a moment, bring its hand up to its face and looks at its hand. Puzzled, I lets its arm fall and shaked the hands as if the rattle were still there; no sound. Its instigates its hand again.”

What is the name of this stage, according to Bruner?

2. Emotion is an acute disturbance of an individual, psychological in origin, involving behaviour, conscious experience and __________

3. Which of the following is correct sequence of Erickson’s stage of development?

1. Trust v/s Mistrust
2. Integrity v/s Despair
3. Industry v/s Inferiority
4. Autonomy v/s Shame and Doubt

4. Consider the following statements:

1. The newborn engages in babbling.
2. In comparative growth curve, females develops more rapidly than male.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

5. Consider the following statements:

1. Critics of Kohlberg claim that his theory reflects a culture bias.
2. Pragmatics is learning a new word.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

6. Which is not the principle of growth and development?

7. According to Erickson, on which stage children begin to attend to school, parents begin to make demands upon the children to lend their hands with household duties and have to complete with peers?

8. Assertion (A): Dysarthria is caused by weak speech muscles due to brain damage.
Reason (R): It leads to grammatical speech errors.

9. According to Chomsky, which of the following are true?
Language is learned solely by imitation.

Universal grammar exists.

Language Acquisition Device is inborn.

Critical period for language exists.

10. Match the following:

Column A
a) Dysarthria
b) Apraxia
c) Dyslexia
d) Dysprosody

Column B
i) Brain-based speech muscle weakness
ii) Inconsistent sound sequencing
iii) Reading and writing difficulty
iv) Loss of speech rhythm

11. Match the language theorists with their ideas:

Column A
a) Skinner
b) Chomsky
c) Vygotsky
d) Piaget

Column B
i) Reinforcement and Imitation
ii) Language Acquisition Device (LAD)
iii) Scaffolding and ZPD
iv) Thought before language

12. Which of the following are developmental tasks of early childhood (3–6 years)?
1. Learning to take solid food

2. Learning sex differences

3. Learning to distinguish right and wrong

4. Learning to read and write

13. Identify the correct statements about infancy (0–2 years):

1. Learning to walk and control bodily waste are major tasks.

2. Language learning begins at this stage.

3. Moral reasoning develops rapidly.

4. Emotional attachment is formed.

14. Which of the following is not a developmental task of adolescence?

15. Match the stages with their primary developmental tasks:

Stage
a) Infancy
b) Early childhood
c) Middle childhood
d) Adolescence

Task
i) Learning to take responsibility
ii) Learning to walk and talk
iii) Mastering skills in reading and writing
iv) Preparing for economic career

16. A 17-year-old seeks independence, questions family values, and chooses a career path. Which Eriksonian conflict best describes this?

17. In Kohlberg’s theory, the “Law and Order” stage falls under which level?

18. In the post-conventional level of Kohlberg’s theory, moral decisions are based on:

19. Daniel Goleman popularized Emotional Intelligence through his book titled:

20. Assertion (A): Emotional Intelligence includes managing relationships.

Reason (R): According to Goleman, social skills are critical to emotional intelligence.

21. According to Goleman, which of the following is a sign of low emotional intelligence?

22. A teacher who recognizes a student is upset, offers support, and helps them regulate their emotions is applying which element of Goleman’s Emotional Intelligence?

23. Assertion: Slow learners usually have average IQ but low academic achievement due to poor study habits and environmental factors.

Reason: Slow learners always have intellectual disability.

24. Assertion: Remedial teaching focuses on filling specific learning gaps diagnosed through assessment.

Reason: It therefore starts with enrichment activities to extend gifted learners.

25. CWSN may include:

1. Children with Specific Learning Disabilities

2. Children with Hearing Impairment

3. Gifted and Talented children

4. Economically weaker section only

26. Gifted learners usually need:

1. Faster pacing or acceleration

2. Depth and complexity (enrichment)

3. Strict uniform tasks for equality

4. Opportunities for mentorship

27. Match the learner type with a key need:

Column A
a) Slow learner
b) Late-bloomer
c) Gifted child
d) CWSN (LD)

Column B
i) Depth, complexity, mentorship
ii) More time & structured scaffolds
iii) Maturational support & patience
iv) Accommodations & remedial support

28. Match programme types to their focus:

Column A
a) Differentiated
b) Remedial
c) Mediated Learning
d) Enrichment

Column B
i) Fixing diagnosed gaps
ii) Mediator-driven cognitive modification
iii) Adjusting content, process, product, environment
iv) Depth, complexity, independent research

29. A child is misidentified as a slow learner, but later displays sharp growth without intensive intervention. Most likely, the child was a:

30. Which of the following is not a characteristic of mediated learning?